1. Introduction to Sociology

Course Code: SOC-600

1. Introduction
   1. Definition, Scope, and Subject Matter
   2. Sociology as a Science
   3. Historical back ground of Sociology
   4. Relationship of sociology with other social sciences
2. Basic Concepts
   1. Group, Community, Society
   2. Associations

1. Non-Voluntary
2. Voluntary

1. 1. Organization

1. Informal
2. Formal

1. 1. Social Interaction

1. Levels of Social Interaction
2. Process of Social Interaction
   1. Cooperation
   2. Competition
   3. Conflict
   4. Accommodation
   5. Acculturation and diffusion
   6. Assimilation
   7. Amalgamation

1. Social Groups
   1. Definition and Functions
   2. Types of social groups

1. In and out groups
2. Primary and Secondary group

• Reference groups

1. Informal and Formal groups
2. Pressure groups

1. Culture
   1. Definition, aspects and characteristics of Culture

1. Material and non material culture
2. Ideal and real culture

1. 1. Elements of culture

1. Beliefs
2. Values

• Norms and social sanctions

1. 1. Organizations of culture

1. Traits
2. Complexes

• Patterns

1. Ethos
2. Theme

1. 1. Other related concepts

1. Cultural Relativism
2. Sub Cultures

• Ethnocentrism and Xenocentrism

1. Cultural lag

1. Socialization and Personality
   1. Personality, Factors in Personality Formation
   2. Socialization, Agencies of Socialization
   3. Role and Status
2. Deviance and Social Control
   1. Deviance and its types 
   2. Social control and its need
   3. Forms of Social control
   4. Methods and Agencies of Social control
3. Collective Behaviour
   1. Collective behaviour, its types
   2. Crowd behaviour
   3. Public opinion
   4. Propaganda
   5. Social movements
   6. Leadership

2. Development of social thought

Course Code: SOC-601

1. Introduction
   1. Historical Development of Social Philosophy
   2. Difference between social thought and sociological theory
2. Early Social Thought
3. Folk Thinking
4. Greek
5. Egyptian
6. Babylonian
7. Chinese
8. Indian Social Thought
9. Contribution of Muslim Thinkers in Social thought
10. Abuzar Ghafari
    1. Wealth Theory
11. Imam Ghazali
    1. Causes of group life
    2. Social justice

• Educational reforms

1. Ibn-E-Khuldun
   1. Philosophy of history
   2. Science of culture

• Ethnocentrism

1. Rise and fall of nations
2. Causes of social life

1. Shah Waliullah
   1. Evolution of society
   2. Causes of social life

• Societal disease

1. Concept of perfect society

1. Moulana Ubedullah Sindhi
   1. Basic Human Ethics
2. Allama Iqbal
   1. Concept of self
   2. Theory of religion

• Concept of ‘Ummah’

4. Classical Sociological Theory:
5. Herbert Spencer
6. Auguste Comte

• Karl Marx

1. Emile Durkheim
2. Max Webr
3. Ferdinand D. Tonnies

• W. G. Sumner

3. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

Course Code: SOC-602

Introduction

1. Meaning and Types
2. Development of sociological theory
3. Functions of sociological theory
4. Theory and Theorizing

Contemporary Sociological Theory

1. Talcott Parsons
2. George Simmel
3. Robert K Merton
4. Ralph Daherendorf
5. W.Mill
6. GH Mead
7. CH Cooley

Modern Sociological Theory

1. Pierre Bourdieu
2. Anthony Giddnes
3. Jurgen Habermas
4. Michel Foucault
5. George Ritzer

4. Pakistani Society and culture

Course Code: SOC-603

1. Introduction
   1. Definition of Society
   2. Characteristics of Pakistani Society
   3. Social Stratification, Cast, Class and Ethnicity
   4. Social Institutions in Pakistan
2. Family
3. Religion

• Economy

1. Politics
2. Education
3. Recreational
   2. Educational Dynamics
      1. Illiteracy
      2. Literacy
      3. Universal Primary Education Concept
      4. Schools; Technical and Higher Education
      5. Status of Formal and Informal Education
   3. Historical Perspective of Pakistani Culture
      1. Provincial Culture
      2. Culture of Punjab
      3. Culture of Sindh
      4. Culture of KPK
      5. Culture of Balochistan
      6. Culture of Kashmir and Northern Areas

4.              Urban and Rural Division of Pakistan

a.       Rural Society

b.       Urban Society

c.       Rural Power Structure

5.      Minority and Their Belief

6.      Major Social Problems

7.      Major Occupation and Production Activities

5. Research Methodology

Course Code: SOC-604

Introduction

1. Definition, significance of social research
2. Characteristics of scientific social research
3. Pure and applied research
4. Quantitative and qualitative approach in social research

Research Problem

1. Selections and formulation of research problems
2. Determinates of significant problems
3. Components of a problems

Research Design

1. Components of a research design
2. Types of research design
3. Scope and utility of research design
4. Abstraction and generalization – deduction and induction
5. Conceptualization and re – conceptualization

Hypothesis and Operationalization    

1. Meaning and definition of operationalization
2. The process of operationalization.
3. Reliability and validity
4. Meaning and forms of hypothesis
5. Function of hypothesis
6. Sources and logic of deriving hypothesis
7. Statistical testing of hypothesis

Sampling

1. Nature and importance
2. Forms: probability and non – probability

Methods, Instruments and Techniques of Data Collection  

1. Sources of data
2. Methods of data collection
3. Survey method
4. Experimental method
5. Historical method / documentation
6. Planning, techniques and instruments of data collection
7. Questionnaire
8. Interview schedule / guide
9. Observation – participant, non – participant

Measurement and Scaling

1. Indexes and scores
2. Types of scales
3. Ranking scales
4. Paired comparison
5. Method of equal appearing interval
6. Internal consistency scale Thurston scale
7. Rating scales

Analysis and Interpretation of Data

1. Coding and tabulation
2. Manual and computer operations
3. Analysis of data and hypothesis

Presentation of Data and Report Writing

1. Editing and coding of questionnaires
2. Graphic and pictorial presentations
3. Report writing
4. Format of the report
5. Bibliography, foot notes and references

6. Social Anthropology

Course Code: SOC-605

Introduction

 Meaning and Definition Social Anthropology 

1. Nature of Social Anthropology,
2. Sub-Fields in Social Anthropology
3. Scope of Social Anthropology.

Social Stratification in Simple Societies

1. Egalitarian Societies,
2. Ranked Societies,
3. Class and Caste ridden Societies

Marriage and Family Institution

1. Introduction to family and Marriage system
2. Functions of family in rural areas
3. Universality of Marriage,
4. Ways of Marriage,
5. Theories on INCEST TABOO,
6. Forms of Marriage.

Kinship Structure

1. Variation in Marital Residence,
2. Major Systems in Kinship Terminology,
3. Omaha System,
4. Crow System,
5. Iroquois System,
6. Eskimo System.

Political Institution/Organization

1. Types of Political Organizations,
2. Resolution of Conflicts,

Religion Institution

1. Universality of Religion,
2. Variation in Beliefs Religious,
3. Variation in Practice Religious,
4. Religion and Magic,

Economic Institution

1. Division of Labour,
2. Reciprocity System,
3. System of Redistribution.

7. Qualitative research method

Course Code: SOC-606

Philosophical and Methodological Foundations of Quantitative Research

• Ontological and Epistemological Standpoint of Quantitative Research
• Positivist Social Research and its major assumptions
• Empiricism

Planning and Designing Quantitative Research

• Quantitative Research Design: Definition, Characteristics, and Components
• The Main Assumptions, Orientations, and Issues in Quantitative Research Design

1. Causal Theory and Hypothesis
2. Types of Hypotheses
3. Fallacy, Reductionism, Spuriousness

• Quantitative Measurements and Scaling

1. Meanings of Measurement
2. Levels of Measurement
3. Conceptualization and Operationalization
4. Reliability and Validity
5. Purpose of Scaling
6. Types of Scaling
7. Rating Scaling
8. Use of Multi-dimensional Scaling

• Sampling

1. Probability and Non-Probability Sampling
2. Types and Techniques of Sampling
3. Sampling Frame
4. Sampling Size
5. Error and Control

Data Collection in Quantitative Research

• Survey Research

1. Definition of Survey
2. Steps in Conducting a Survey
3. Constructing the Questionnaire
4. Open and Closed Ended Questions
5. Types of Survey: Advantages and Disadvantages
6. Interviewing

• Experimental Research

1. Definition and Meanings of Experimental Research
2. Components and Practice of Experimental Research

• Ethics in Quantitative Research

Data Analysis and Interpretation Techniques

1. Basic Considerations
2. Managing Data
3. Inferential Statistics
4. Results with One, Two, and More than Two Variables
5. Introduction to Single and Bi-Variates
6. Introduction to Multivariate Analysis
7. Fundamentals of Factor Analysis
8. Computer Use for Data Analysis: Software for Analysing Quantitative Data

8. Gender studies

Course Code: SOC-607

Introduction

• Definition, concepts and Importance
• Women’s lives and Sociological Perspectives
• Feminism and Masculism
• Gender and Social Institutions

Gender and Socialization

1. Agencies of Socialization
2. Learning Process: Identification Theory, Social Learning Theory, Cognitive Development Theory

Gender Issues in Pakistan

1. Higher education and Gender
2. Women and Health
3. Violence against women
4. Gender and Media
5. Gender and Environment

Gender and Inequality                                         

1. Property Rights
2. Employment
3. Politics
4. Women and Law in Pakistan

Women and Development

1. Women’s Day
2. Women’s and Multimedia
3. Women and Rural Development
4. The Administrative Wing
5. Nikahanama

Changing Role of Women

1. Changing role of urban women
2. Changing role of Rural women
3. Sociology of Development

Course Code: SOC-608

1. Introduction
2. Change, development, and progress
3. Development and underdevelopment
4. Theories of development
   1. Marxist and Socialist Models
   2. Structural Adjustment
   3. The Modernization School
   4. Development and Underdevelopment-Dependency
   5. Determinants of Development
5. Social
6. Cultural
7. Economic
8. Technology and Development
9. Technology
10. Adoption of technology
11. Role of technology in development
12. Social Change and Development in Global Perspective
    1. The Politics of Development: Economy, Policy, Culture
    2. Corporations, Classes and Consumerism
    3. Gender and Development
    4. Transitional Practices in the Third World
    5. The Role of Aid in Development
13. The Role of Non-government Organizations in Development
14. Development in Pakistan: A Case Study

10. Project planning and Development

Course Code: SOC-609

1. Introduction
   1. Definition, need, identification, selection and scope of the project.
   2. Characteristics of project, types of project.
   3. Project cycle
   4. Cause and effect diagram,
   5. Project objectives
2. Project Planning
   1. Development indicators
   2. Preparing Project Proposal
   3. Logical framework analysis.
   4. Key components of project
   5. Potential problem analysis.
   6. Fields force formation strategy

3. Project Organizing
   1. Organization of resources
   2. Task allocation, role Taking,
   3. Coordination in project team,
   4. Accountability within project
   5. Conflict resolution
   6. Time management
   7. Liaison with external agencies
   8. Preparation of technical progress reports
   9. Preparation of financial progress reports
   10. Writing of minutes and reports of project meetings.
4. Project Monitoring and Evaluation
   1. Checking deviation and progress monitoring
   2. Follow-up, managing deviation,
   3. Definition and difference between MandE
   4. Need for evaluation
   5. Steps in evaluation, collecting necessary data, expanding logframe matrix for evaluation, checking deviation, adjusting deviation
5. Impact assessment.
   1. Definition concepts and meaning
   2. Types of impact assessment
   3. i) Social impact Assessment
   4. ii) Economic Impact Assessment

iii)  Physical Impact Assessment

1. iv) Environmental Impact Assessment
2. Methods and techniques of Impact Assessment

11. Community Development

Course Code: SOC-610

Introduction

1. Meaning and definition of community.
2. Meaning and definition of community development.
3. Objectives of community development.
4. Basic principles of community development.
5. Functions of community development worker.

Philosophy of Community Development 

1. Elements of Community Development.
2. Philosophy of Community Development.
3. Limitation in Community Development

Early Community Development Programmes  of Pakistan

1. The V-AID programme.
2. The Basic Democracy (B.D’s) System.
3. The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
4. The People’s Works Programme (PWP)
5. Rural Works Programme (RWP)

Community Organization

1. Community Organization, Meaning and Definitions
2. Difference Between Community Development and Community Organization.
3. Aims and Objectives of Community Organization.
4. Philosophy of Community Organization.
5. Assumptions Pertaining Community Life.
6. Role of Community Organizer.

Community Participation

1. Community Participation, Meaning and Definitions.
2. Types of Community Participations.
3. Causes of lack of Community Participation.

Techniques of Community Development

1. Meaning and definitions
2. Social mobilization
3. Barriers in Social Mobilization
4. Social Organization
5. Resource Mobilization

Planning and Social Planning

1. Meaning and Definition.
2. Kinds of Planning
3. Principles of Planning
4. Importance of Planning
5. Basic steps in Planning
6. Social Planning
7. Various steps for Social Planning
8. Importance of Social Planning

Development Through NGOs

1. Meaning of NGO/CSO’s
2. Features of NGO/CSO’s
3. Growth of NGO’S in Pakistan

Role of NGOs in Community Development

12. Introduction to Population studies

Course Code: SOC-611

1. Introduction
   1. The significance of population study
   2. Scope of Population studies
   3. Sources of population data
2. Theories of Population
   1. Ibn-e-Khaldun theory.
   2. Malthusian population trap and its criticism
   3. Theory of demographic transition
3. Population growth in Pakistan
   1. Historical trends
   2. Present population situation
   3. Future prospects.
4. Demographic processes
   1. Nuptiality
   2. Fertility: socio-economic variables affecting fertility
   3. Migration:
   4. Social Mobility:
   5. Mortality: Socio-economic variables affecting mortality
5. The structure of Pakistan’s population
   1. Geographic distribution
   2. Age and Sex structure
   3. Education, Dependency burdens. Birth rates: their relationships to GNP growth rates and income distribution.
6. Family Planning
   1. Social Acceptance
   2. Status of Family Planning in Rural and Urban Areas
   3. Strategies by Government and NGOs to create awareness
7. Population related problems of Pakistan
   1. Economic factors behind high fertility rate
   2. Social, cultural and, ethnic factors behind high fertility rates
   3. Mortality especially maternal and Infant mortality.
8. The population debates
   1. Some conflicting opinions
   2. The micro-economic theory of fertility
   3. The demand for children in developing countries

13. Rural Sociology

Course Code: SOC-612

1. Introduction to Rural Sociology
   1. Meaning and definition of Rural Sociology
   2. Rural Sociology as a Science
   3. Relationship of Rural Sociology with Other Social Sciences.
2. Basic Concepts and Processes
   1. An understanding of the Rural Social System
   2. Caste and “baradari” structure
   3. Fractions, dispute and “We-groups”.
3. Problems of small and fragmented holding
4. Landless tenants and agricultural labor.
5. Social stratification and social differentiation
6. Basic Concepts and action:
7. Group, Role and Status, Norms and Values, Folkways and Mores
8. Social Systems and Sub-systems
9. Rural Culture, Social Processes in Rural Society,
10. Rural Social Institutions, Technology and Rural Society.
11. Social Change and Rural Society
12. Rural Settlement
13. Small scale farming
14. Feudalism, Capitalism, Family farming
15. Agrarian politics and village development,
16. Relationship between technological and socio economic aspect of rural society.
    1. Gender and Development
    2. Role and status of Rural Woman
    3. Pattern of Rural Settlement
    4. Rural Resources
17. Land Tenure System, size of landholdings.
18. Rural Social structure, provision of services in rural area; health, education and sanitation etc.
19. Micro-financing in Rural Sector

14. Urban Sociology

Course Code: SOC-613

1. Introduction
   1. Definition of Basic Concepts
   2. Urbanization and Urbanism, Community, Town, City, Metropolis and Megalopolis.
   3. Scope and Field of Study
   4. The Rise, and Decline of Cities
   5. Origin of Urban Life
2. The Rise of Modern City
   1. Growth of Cities
   2. Factors of Urban Growth
3. The Ecology of City
   1. Human relationship in Urban Areas
   2. Location of the City
4. The Social Relations in the City
   1. The Small Groups – Their Functions and Role Structure
   2. The Urban Attitudes, Ideals and Values,
5. The Urban Economic System, Rest and Recreational Activities in the City.
6. The Slum Areas
   1. Slums, Katchi Abadies and Their Development
   2. Lack of Coordination in Various Social Systems in the City
   3. Juvenile Delinquency and Street Crime in the City.
7. Main Social Problems of the Cities, Their Origin, Causative Factors and Remedial Measures.
8. Welfare Agencies in the City – Their Structure and Functioning, Adjustment of migrants in the City, Town Planning, Social and Welfare Planning, Meaning, Need and Scope, Planning and Development of the City, House Planning, Neighborhood Planning, Voluntary Associations, The Future of the City.

15. Sociology of health and illness

Course Code: SOC-614

1. Introduction
   1. Health and Sociology
   2. Contribution of sociology to medicine.
2. Health and disease
   1. Social definition of illness
   2. Health and disease as deviant behaviour
   3. Social cultural causes of disease
3. Sociological perspectives on health and Illness
4. Functionalist Approach
5. Conflict Approach
6. Interactionist Approach
7. Labeling Approach
8. Illness Behaviour and Perceptions of Illness
9. Illness Behaviour
10. Cultural Influences on Illness Behaviour
11. Sociological and Demographic Influences
12. Lay Beliefs About Health and Illness
13. Self medication
14. Sick Role
15. Social Determinants of Health
16. The Social Gradient
17. Stress
18. Early Life
19. Life Expectancy
20. Social support networks
21. Education and literacy
22. Employment/Working conditions
23. Social environments
24. Addiction
25. Food
26. Transport
27. Sociology of medical care
28. Origin and development
29. Perception of peoples about healthcare systems
30. Role of Hospitals
31. Hospitals as social organization: problems of
32. Complementary and alternative Medicine (CAM)

16. Sociology of change and development

Course Code: SOC-615

1. Introduction:
   1. Conceptual distinction-social change and related concepts
   2. Various dimensions of social change

• Magnitude, rate and direction of social change

1. Identification of social change
2. Theories of social change

1. Schools: evolutionary, conflict, equilibrium, classical and modern
2. Analysis of social change
3. Environment and the origin of social change
4. Organizations that change

• Sudden change

1. Revolution
2. Social movements
3. Planned social change

• Social prediction and social change

4. Dynamics of social change
5. Dynamics of social change in Pakistan
6. Trends and prospects of social change in the third world
7. Analysis of economic development in modern and modernizing Countries.
8. Approaches in economic development: centralized, de-centralized, micro and macro
9. Social goals and economic targets

• Planning for development

6. Sociology of economic development
7. Development-nature and scope
8. Sociological and economic concepts of development

• Development continuum-under-development, development and over-development

1. Development taxonomy: planned and un-planned, development as a socio-cultural change, authoritarian and democratic process
2. Concepts and dimensions of development
3. Social and economic development
4. Instruments, approaches and implications of development

• Socio-psychological dimensions

1. Traditions, values, attitudes, ideologies and national dimensions
2. Rural and urban sections of economic development
3. Sustainable development
4. Problems in development
5. Availability of physical resources
6. Non-availability technical knowhow

• Availability of appropriate human resources

1. Socio-cultural constraints of development
2. Social implications of development
3. Analysis of development
4. Monitoring and evaluation of development projects
5. Rapid rural appraisal (RRA)

17. Sociology of Religion

Course Code: SOC-616

Chapter 1    Introduction

• Definition
• Elements of Religion
• Functions of Religion

Chapter 2 Theories of Religion

2.1         Sociological

2.2         Psycho- Analytical

2.3         Evolutionary

Chapter 3  The Sociological Analysis of Religion

3.1       Universal order of Religion

3.2       Integrated Power of Religion

Chapter 4  World’s Major Religions

4.1       Judaism

4.2       Hinduism

4.3       Christianity

4.4       Buddhism

4.5       Islam

4.6       Secularism/ Communism

Chapter 5 Types of Religious Authorities

5.1       The Prophet

5.2       Clergy/ Organization of religious groups

5.3       The saints/ Molvies/ Ulema’s

5.4       Sects and Cults

Chapter 6 Religion as agency of social control

6.1       Science and Religion

6.2       Religion and Welfare

18. Sociology of Education

Course Code: SOC-617

1. Introduction
2. The Concept of Education
3. Origin and Development of Education
4. Forms of Education, Formal, In-formal
5. Contemporary Education System.
6. Sociological Theory and Education

1. Education and Socialization
2. Social Stratification and Education
3. Roles of Education
4. Education and Social Mobility
5. Functions of Education
6. Education and Democracy
7. Education for Leadership
8. School as an Organization
9. Definitions and Theoretical Models
10. Bureaucratization and Professionalization of Schooling
11. The Sociology of School as an Agent of Change
12. The Social Construction of Curriculum
13. Education and Development
14. School Management Committees
15. Role of Community in Education
16. Relationship between Education and the Economy
17. Reconstructions Views of Education and Economic Development
18. Manpower Planning
19. Demand and Supply of Educational Institutions in Developing Countries.
20. Education and other social institutions.
21. Teacher-Student Relationship
22. Education Policy and Reforms
23. Private and Public Sectors of Education
24. Educational Problems
25. Quality of Education
26. Investment in Education
27. Status of Education in Pakistan

19. Sociology of Globalization

Course Code: SOC-618

1. Introduction and Overview of Sociology of Globalization
2. Globalization: myth or reality
3. Globalization, globalization, and localization
4. Characteristics of globalization, globalization, modernization and Europeanization; globalization and cultural leveling.
5. Theories of globalization, global stratification, global inequalities, globalization and local identity.
6. The Rise of Globalization
7. The Second Globalization: Creating the Post-War Political-Economic Order
8. The Rise of Neoliberalism
9. Globalization and Multi-national Corporations
10. X-HOUR: From Bureaucracy to Networks
11. Corporate Governance and Strategy
12. Multinational Corporations
13. Political Globalization
14. Global Politics, Governance, Transnational State, etc.
15. Power and Transnational Politics
16. Emergence of Global Classes, Local Actors in Global Politics.
17. Technology and globalization, global economy and the digital networks.
18. Globalization and Workers
19. Changes in Work
20. Social Inequality
21. Training for Global Competition
22. Globalization and the State
23. Welfare Reform
24. Tax Reform
25. Regulatory Reform
26. Globalization and Culture

1. 1. Global Cultures and Diversity
   2. Diasporas

10. Transnational Social Movements, Transnational Civil Society, Globalization and the Environment
11. Globalization and Race/Ethnicity, Transnational Migrations, Transnational Communities, Transnationalism.
12. Globalization and Women/Gender
13. Globalization, Resistance, Hegemonies and Counterhegemonies, Alternative Futures
14. The Global village: Recovering Place and Social Practices.
15. The Making of International Migrations – WTO
16. Globalization and Social Institution

20. Organizational Behavior

Course Code: SOC-619

Introduction:

1. What is Organizational Behaviour
2. Importance of Organizational Behaviour
3. Foundations of Individual Behaviour:
4. Biographical Characteristics, Ability, Learning
5. Organizational behaviour from Islamic and indigenous perspective
6. Understanding human psychology through the lenses of Quran and Sunnah

Attitudes, perception and decision in organization behaviour

1. Attitudes and Job Satisfaction
2. Types of attitudes
3. Types of behaviors
4. Perception and Individual Decision Making
5. Why perception is important
6. Types of decision making
7. Biases and errors in decision making

Motivation concepts

1. Content theories of Motivational
2. Process theories of motivation
3. Motivation: from concept to application
4. Applying motivation concepts for designing reward system
5. Emotions and Moods

Foundations of Group Behaviour

1. Groups in organization
2. Group socialization
3. Group networking
4. Power and politics
5. Conflict and negotiation
6. Types of conflicts

Basic Approaches to Leadership

1. Trait theories
2. Behavioural theories
3. Contemporary Issues in Leadership

Functions of organization structure

1. Types of organizational structure
2. Organizational structure and its impact on individuals and groups
3. Organizational culture
4. Organizational culture and individual behavior
5. Stress and its management

21. Political Sociology

Course Code: SOC-620

Introduction

1. Meaning and dimensions of political sociology
2. Nature and characteristics
3. Scope and subject matter of political sociology
4. Relevance of political sociology to Pakistani social system
5. Evolution of Political System in Pakistan

Contribution of thinkers to political sociology

1. Ibn-e-Khaldun
2. Karl Marx
3. Thomas Hobbes
4. Lewis A. Coser
5. Seymour M. Lipset
6. Ralf Dahrendorf

Typology of political system/political organization

1. Origin of political organization/system
2. Political parties-origin and organizational system
3. Political order and political participation
4. Power politics and factionalism in Pakistan
5. Political parties in Pakistan
6. Voting patterns
7. Political behaviour
8. Voting behaviour
9. Ideologies of intolerance
10. Horse trading
11. Agitative politics
12. Perennial Militarism and political under development
13. Political socialization

Functioning of political system

1. Leadership: role and functions
2. Family based political leadership in Pakistan
3. Power distribution in civil society

Functioning of political organization

1. Bureaucracy–meaning
2. Forms and functions
3. Bureaucracy in Pakistan
4. Colonial backdrop
5. Thrust of modern ideas
6. Role in arbitration of power in Pakistan
7. Political behaviour: analysis of political issues, street power, social and
8. psychological analysis of political issues

Forms of state

1. Monarchy, absolution and Machievellis principles
2. The Renaissance and French revolution
3. Oligarchy, Nazism and fascism
4. Capitalism, socialism
5. Motivating elements of state performance
6. Democracy: past and present, enemies of democracy

Political institutional development

1. New challenges
2. Polarization
3. Problems and prospects

22. Sociology of human rights

Course Code: SOC-621

Introduction:                  

1. Introduction and definition of Human Rights
2. Historical background of human rights
3. Need and importance of human rights in Pakistan
4. Human Rights and Islam
5. Islam and human rights
6. Human rights in Quran
7. The Hadith and Human Rights
8. Classification of Human Rights
9. Collective Rights
10. Ethnic and minority rights
11. Fundamental Rights
12. Constitutional rights

4. Internal Organization and Human Rights
5. Women rights and CEDAW(Convention on the Elimination of All kind of Discrimination Against Women)
6. Rights of the child (CRC)
7. Rights of Minorities ( Declaration on the rights of persons belonging to minorities 1992)
8. Rights of the refugees ( convention relating to the status of refugee 1951)
9. Human Rights in Pakistan
10. Fundamental rights of the citizens in Pakistan
11. Women rights in the constitution
12. Child rights in the constitution
13. Constitution and the minority.
14. Present Condition of Human Rights In Pakistan
15. Violation Of Human Rights In Pakistan
16. Human Trafficking
17. Women Rights Violation
18. Rights Of Children Violation
19. Prisoner’s Rights Violation
20. Labor Rights
21. Human Rights and United Nation
22. Introduction of UNO
23. Charter based organs
24. International instruments ( UN charter, Universal declaration of human rights, international covenant on civil and political rights 1966, international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights 1966)
25. The UNICEF
26. The UNHCR
27. The ILO

23. Criminology

Course Code: SOC-622

Introduction

1. Definition of crime
2. Criminology and its scope
3. Criminology and criminal law
4. Crime and Society
5. Causes of crime
6. Impacts of crimes on Social Institutions
7. Crime as a social problem
8. Remedies
9. Juvenile Delinquency
10. Introduction
11. Causes of juvenile delinquency
12. Types of juvenile delinquents
13. Crime prevention at juvenile level in Pakistan
14. Juvenile court
15. Juvenile reformatories
16. Punishment
17. Introduction
18. Purpose of punishment
19. Types of punishment
20. A-Death penalty
21. B-Imprisonment
22. Prison and related problems
23. Islamic concept of punishment
24. Classification of Criminals
25. Legalistic criminals
26. Moralistic criminals
27. Psychopathic criminals
28. Institutional criminal
29. Situational criminals
30. Habitual criminals
31. Occupational criminals
32. Organized criminals
33. Theories and Approaches to Criminal Behavior
34. Cesare Lombroso theory of Biological foundation
35. Sociological theory or Sutherland Differential Association theory
36. Psychological and psychiatric theories of criminal behavior
37. Crime Detection Agencies in Pakistan
38. FIA
39. CIA
40. ISI
41. Techniques of crime detection
42. Problems in crime detection
43. Rehabilitation of Offenders/Criminals
44. Parole
45. Probation

24. Sociology of Race and Ethnicity

 Course Code: SOC-623

1. INTRODUCTION:
2. Race & Ethnic Relations,
3. Ethnic Groups, Races, Racism,
4. Theories of Race and ethnic Inequality.
5. Race and Ethnic Stratification:
6. Stratification System,
7. Race and Ethnic Stratification System,
8. The Origin of Race and Ethnic Stratification,
9. Minority Responses to Subordination,
10. The Relations between Class & Ethnicity.
11. Factor in Race and ethnic dominance:
12.  
13. Discrimination,
14. Theories of Prejudice & Discrimination.
15. Patterns of Race and Ethnic Relations:
16. Conflict and Order,
17. Assimilation,
18. Pluralism,
19. The Variability of Race and Ethnic Relations,
20. A Typology of Multi Ethnic Societies.
21. Race and Ethnic Relations Pakistan:
22. The Development of Race and Ethnic Inequality,
23. Race and Ethnic Stratification,
24. Prejudice & Discrimination,
25. Stability & Change.
26. Issues of Race and Ethnic Conflict & Change:
27. Race and Ethnic Conflict & Change,
28. Assimilation & Pluralism,
29. The Newest Immigration,
30. The Future of Race and Ethnic Relations.

25. Sociology of Aging

Course Code: SOC-624

1. Introduction
2. Ageism and Social Gerontology:
3. The Development of Social Gerontology,
4. The Demography of Aging,
5. The Biology and Epidemiology of Aging,
6. Variations in the Experience of Aging
7. Aging and the Individual:
8. The psychology of Aging,
9. Work, Retirement and Liesure,
10. Social Theories of aging.

The Political Economy of Aging and Aging and Family:

1. Political power,
2. The Townsend movement,
3. Contemporary,
4. Organizations and political power,
5. the political attitude and voting behaviour of older,
6. the potential for conflict over the distribution of wealth,
7. Present family life style and nuclear family,
8. Aging and sexuality.
9. Social Problems and Older People
10. Aging and deviant behaviour,
11. Housing and institutions,
12. Religion and aging
13. Death and dying
14. Aging and the Future:
    1. Aging in a postindustrial society

26. Sociology of Family and marriage

Course Code: SOC-625

Chapter 1        Introduction:

• Definition and meaning
• Types of Family
• Functions of Family
• Theories of family development: conjugal kinship systems and the nuclear family.

Chapter 2        Family Organization

2.1    Family as a Social System

2.2    Parent child relationship

2.3    Family and Socialization

2.4    Family and Religion

Chapter 3        Mate Selection

3.1    Historical and cross-cultural variations: social arrangements and romance.

3.2    Contemporary strategies for finding partners.

3.3    Social pressures and marital endogamy.

3.4    The social calculus of relationship satisfaction and commitment.

Chapter 4        World’s major family system

4.1    India

4.2    China

4.3    Iran

4.4    Pakistan

Chapter 5        Family Problems

5.1    Family Conflict

5.2    Divorce

5.3    Single Parenting

Chapter 6        Determinants of long term Marriage

6.1    Co-operations and Marriage

6.2    Marriage councilors

6.3     Rights and Duties

27. Industrial Sociology

Course Code: SOC-626

1. Introduction Meaning and Definition:

1. Industry and Society
2. Industry and Social Stratification
3. Work, Occupation, Industry, Organization, Factory and Management
4. Industrialization:
5. Social Theory of Productive System
6. Antecedent of Industrialization in west
7. Theories of Industrialization
8. Formal Organization:
9. Bureaucracy
10. Organizational Charts (Structure)
11. Trade Union, and theories of Unionism
12. Work Ethics in Islam
13. Division of Labor
14. Work Ethics
15. Distribution of Wealth
16. Industrialization in Pakistan
17. Historical view of Industrial Development
18. Problems and Prospects of Industrialization in Sociological Perspective
19. Industrial Relationship in Pakistan
20. Trade Unionism in Pakistan
21. Labor Movement
22. Trade Unionism
23. Union Leadership and Collective Bargaining
24. Labour Policies in Pakistan
25. Historical Perspective and Social Change
26. Analysis of Wages

28. Rural Development

Course Code: SOC-640

Introduction:

1. Meaning, Definition and Scope
2. Change, Development and Progress in rural context
3. Development and Underdevelopment
4. Development and its impacts on rural social structure
5. Factors affecting rural development  

Determinants of Development:

1. Social Determinants
2. Land and prestige
3. Cultural and norms and values
4. Economic and agriculture economy

Technology and Development:

1. Simple Technology
2. Adoption of Technology and Rural Development
3. Role of Technology in Development of Rural Social structure
4. Technology and Social Change

Rural Development in Global Perspective:

1. The Politics of Development and the third world rural structure
2. Rural relativism and Economy, Policy, Culture
3. Class, caste, Tribalism, and small scale industries
4. Gender issues and the status of women in rural society
5. Transitional Practices in the Third World

Analysis of Different Programs of Rural Development in Pakistan

1. The V-AID program.
2. The Basic Democracy (B.D’s) System.
3. The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
4. THE People works Programme (PWP)
5. Rural works programme (RWP)

29. Urban Development

Course Code: SOC-641

Introduction

Urban Development

1. Meaning and Definition of Urban Development

Indicators of Urban Development

1. Schools in the city
2. Higher Education in the City (Colleges, Universities)
3. Health institutions

Urban Finances

1. Concept of Urban Finance
2. Financial Crises of the cities
3. Financing of Urban Government

Urban Housing

1. Concept of Urban Housing
2. Types of Urban Housing
3. Its effects on Family patterns and life
4. Problems of Urban Housing
5. Communication and Public Opinion

Slums and Squatter Settlement

1. Meaning Definition, Types of Slums
2. Meaning, Definition and Types of Squatter Settlement
3. Causes and Consequences of Slum in Pakistan
4. Rural Urban Migration
5. Adjustment of Migrants

Urban Poverty

1. Concept of Poverty
2. Levels of Poverty
3. Causes of Urban Poverty
4. Alleviation of Poverty

Urban Disorganization

1. Meaning and Definition
2. Types of Disorganization (Crimes, Violence, Terrorism)
3. Causes of Urban Disorganization
4. Remedies Measures to Control Disorganization

Urban Design

1. Image of the city
2. Planning and Development of the City
3. Future of the City

30. Conflict Resolution

Course Code: SOC-642

1. Introduction
   1. Review of Judicial System
   2. Court structure and subject matter jurisdiction
   3. Progress of a case through the system
   4. Analysis of benefits and detriments of the judicial system
   5. Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
   6. Client/attorney perspectives
   7. Advantages and disadvantages
   8. General types of ADR defined
2. Hybrid Process
   1. Mediation/Arbitration
   2. Summary Jury Trials
   3. Minitrials
   4. Early Neutral Evaluation
   5. Special Masters
3. Mediation and Its Training
   1. Introduction and Goals
   2. Conflicts: causes and responses
   3. Elements of Mediation
   4. Issue identification and Prioritizing
   5. Timing and climate setting
   6. Forms and Functions
   7. Skills Training
   8. Philosophical and Ethical Issues
4. Arbitration
   1. The Process, the Participants, the Neutrals and the Authority
   2. Arbitration Act
   3. Substantive Areas of Law Where Applied: Labor and Employment, Automobile, Construction, Business Insurance, Securities, etc.
5. Role of the Mediator
   1. Objectives before and during the mediation process
   2. Reducing defensive communication
   3. Essential qualities necessary
   4. Common errors
   5. Role play
6. Conducting a Mediation Session
   1. Case preparation
   2. Opening statements to parties
   3. Explanation of process and role of mediator
   4. Ground rules
   5. Confidentiality
   6. Role play
7. Common Problem Areas
   1. Dealing with impasse
   2. Summarizing issues
   3. Hostile parties
   4. Manipulative parties
   5. Social service needs and referrals
   6. Role play
8. Negotiation
   1. The Process and Outcome of Negotiation
   2. Tactics, Techniques and Skills of Negotiation
   3. Ethical Issues in Negotiation
   4. Application: from Individual Use in Business to Courtroom Tactics
   5. Service Learning Component: District Court

31. Sociology of laws

Course Code: SOC-643

Introduction:

1. Sociology and Law,
2. The Sociology of Law and Jurisprudence,
3. Sociological Jurisprudence,
4. Sociology of Law and the Philosophy of Law,
5. The Structure of the Sociology of Law,
6. The Materials and Methods of the Sociology of Law.

Historical Development of the Sociology of Law:

1. Discovery of Law by Sociology,
2. The Discovery of Sociology in Jurisprudence,
3. The Classification of Science and the Sociology of Law.

Sociological Jurisprudence and the Sociology of Law:

1. August Comte and Sociology,
2. Laissez Faire and Herbert Spencer,
3. Max Weber,
4. Emile Durkheim,
5. Eugen Ehrlich,
6. Sociological Jurisprudence since Pound Lasswell and McDougal.

Law in Society:

1. Social Evolution and Legal Evolution
2. Social Control and Social Order
3. Folkways
4. Law-Ways, and State-Ways
5. Legal Science and Social Science.

Jurisprudence:

1. Basic Norms and Customs
2. Social Sanctions

32. NGO Management

Course Code: SOC-644

1. Strategic management of NGOs

Management of NGOs, NGOs and social change

2. Involvement of NGO in civil society

Role of NGOs in global civil society

3. NGOs and democracy

Regulations to corporations, Government NGO co-operation, NGOs in planning and development

4. NGOs and global governance

Role of Global Governance in NGO Management

5. Advocacy of NGOs

NGOs advocates of good governance

6. Financing NGOs

Risks of bank-NGO relations, Funding NGOs, Role of IMF, Financial and technical activities of IMF

7. NGOs: issues and opportunities

NGOs’ policy towards international criminal court

Managing NGOs in Developing Countries: Experiences from Pakistan

8. Managing People and Organizations

Case Study 1 

Case Study 2 

Case Study 3

9. Project Management in Pakistani NGOs

Case Study 1

Case Study 2

Case Study 3

10. Managing Change

Case Study 1

Case Study 2

Case Study 3

33. Islamic Sociology

Course Code: SOC-646

1. Introduction
2. Definition of Islamic Sociology.
3. The field, concept and polarities.
4. Historical Survey of the Muslims contribution in the field of Islamic Sociology up to mid. 20^th century.
5. Genesis and Nature of Islamic Sociology:
6.  
7.  
8. Ideology and social Laws
9. Theoretical Perspectives
10. Explanatory Principles, Quran and Ahadith.
11. The comparative Sociological Theories compared with Quranic Sociology.
12. Concepts of Social Institutions in Islam
13. Family
14. Economic
15. Political
16. Social Differentiation.
17. Social Classes and leadership pattern
18. Quranic Concepts:

The nature and forms of prediction

1. The Quran and the Muslim Thinkers

6. Mobility in the World of Islam:
7. Historical
8. Contemporary
9. Quranic Postulates
10. Sociological analysis of World Religious Systems
11. Religion as Institution of Social Control